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Convert integer to English

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Given a non-negative integer up to $999\,999\,999$, write it in English.

The input number can be in any form other than English (though you'll typically want to use the native integer type of your language).

The numbers must be formatted as follows:

  • Two-digit numbers must be written with dashes where applicable e.g. twenty-five, not twenty five.

  • powers of ten start with “one”, e.g. one hundred, not just hundred.

  • The tens/ones part, if not zero, must be separated from the hundreds part with and, e.g. two hundred and five, not two hundred five.

  • The above rules are applied also to the factors of thousand and million.

  • moreover the global tens/ones part has to be separated by and whenever anything larger is present, even if the hundreds part is missing.

  • Adjacent words must be separated by a single space, or a single dash without space where applicable.

  • Leading and/or trailing spaces are not allowed. However, if the result is printed, a single trailing newline (not preceded by any spaces) is allowed.

Ungolfed reference implementation

Test cases:

        0 zero
        1 one
        4 four
       10 ten
       16 sixteen
       42 forty-two
      125 one hundred and twenty-five
     1024 one thousand and twenty-four
     1100 one thousand one hundred
    12345 twelve thousand three hundred and forty-five
  1000000 one million
  1000001 one million and one
  7023000 seven million twenty-three thousand
 11012021 eleven million twelve thousand and twenty-one
999999999 nine hundred and ninety-nine million nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine
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LaTeX (2 comments)

3 answers

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Python 3, 399 bytes

def f(n):
	if n<1:return'zero'
	t=1000;m=t*t;r='r fif six seven eigh nine ';b=f'one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thir fou{r}twen thir fo{r}'.split(' ');s=' '.join([f(k:=n//m)+' million'][:k]+[f(k:=(n:=n%m)//t)+' thousand'][:k]+[f(k:=(n:=n%t)//100)+' hundred'][:k]);n%=100;s+=' and '*(s*n>'')
	if n>19:s+=b[n//10+17]+'ty'+'-'*((n:=n%10)>0)
	return s+b[n-1]+'teen'*(n>12)

Try it online!

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Sclipting, (UTF-16) 454 406 bytes

Yes.

塊匱❸곴김分倘標⓶❹演긆륩닆롩닶밎併鈉不終⓷곴김剩❶갾밈分倘⓷標⓷❺演긇끨닷녳눖멤併鈉⓶不終갾밈剩❶뉀分倘⓷標⓷❺演긆둵닦끲뉖밄併鈉⓶不終뉀剩⓶글會⓶倘❷長是긆굮뉂밀⓶終긇끨늗긠뉦뭵댢걦늖눠댶땸긇꽥덦녮긆녩뉶될닦땮뉐❷굀瀰是❶銅긂건덶녮融壹坼❸겠分掘덇밉⓸겠剩倘껐⓶⓹逆⓸終終긆뭮뉒건덶묠덆둲뉖넠뉦뭵댢걦늗뉥긇꽩뎂걳뉗뉥닢걥늖덨덂걮늖멥긇끥닢걥닆녶뉖먠덇덥닇뉥融壹坼❷掘⓶곀大是덆녥닠終不梴沒뎦녲닰終終終演

Explanation

塊 Function
  匱         Begin with an empty list
  ❸곴김分倘   Divide number by 1,000,000; if quotient is non-zero: 
    標
    ⓶❹演        Apply function to the quotient (millions place)
    긆륩닆롩닶밎  " million"
    併           Concat
    鈉           Add "... million" to the list
  不終        End if
  ⓷곴김剩    Take modulo 1,000,000

Repeat the above for the thousands and hundreds

  ❶갾밈分倘
    ⓷標⓷❺演긇끨닷녳눖멤併鈉⓶
  不終
  갾밈剩
  ❶뉀分倘
    ⓷標⓷❺演긆둵닦끲뉖밄併鈉⓶
  不終
  뉀剩

Now for the tens/ones places

  ⓶글會⓶   Join the list with spaces (S)
  倘         If there's stuff remaining (tens/units)
    ❷長是      If the length of (S) is non-zero
      긆굮뉂밀   Push an " and "
    ⓶終       End if

    긇끨늗긠뉦뭵댢걦늖눠댶땸긇꽥덦녮긆녩뉶될닦땮뉐
    " thir four fif six seven eigh nine" (A)
    This is shared between the -teens and -tys

    ❷굀瀰是    If greater than or equal to 20
      ❶         Copy the shared string
      銅        drop the 9th character (four -> for)
      긂건덶녮   "  twen"
      融         Concatenate
      壹坼       Split into a list
      ❸겠分      Divide by 10
      掘        Index into the list
      덇밉      Push "ty"
      ⓸겠剩    Take modulo 10
      倘        If non-zero
        껐⓶⓹    Push a dash "-"
      逆⓸終    End if
    終
    긆뭮뉒건덶묠덆둲뉖넠뉦뭵댢걦늗뉥긇꽩뎂걳뉗뉥닢걥늖덨덂걮늖멥긇끥닢걥닆녶뉖먠덇덥닇뉥
    " one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve"
    融        Concatenate with the shared string (A)
    壹坼      Split into a list
    ❷掘       Index into the list
    ⓶곀大是   If greater than 12
      덆녥닠     Push "teen"
    終        End if
  不         Otherwise (if zero)
    梴沒       If the length of (S) is zero
      뎦녲닰     Push "zero"
    終         End if
  終         End if
終 End function
演 Call function
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Python 3, 596 589 585 482 468 467 429 bytes

def f(x):
	s="";i="r fif six seven eigh nine";a=f"zero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thir fou{i} twen thir fo{i}".split();t=1000;c=t*t
	if x>=c:s=f(x//c)+" million";x%=c
	if x>=t:s+=" "*(s>"")+f(x//t)+" thousand";x%=t
	if s*x:s+=" "
	n=x>99
	if n:s+=a[x//100]+" hundred";x%=100
	if s*x:s+=" "*n+"and "
	return x<20 and s+a[x]*(not(x<1)*s)+"teen"*(x>12)or s+a[x//10+18]+"ty"+("-"+a[x%10])*(x%10>0)

Try it online!

Golfed 7 bytes thanks to @celtschk's advice. Golfed a massive 103 bytes thanks to @Moshi's advice. Golfed another 14 bytes thanks to @Moshi's advice. Golfed 38 bytes thanks to @celtschk's advice.

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